Human Spaceflights

International Flight No. 280

Soyuz TMA-02M

Eridanus

Russia

Russia
Patch Soyuz TMA-02M Patch Satoshi Furukawa

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Patch Soyuz TMA-02M

Launch, orbit and landing data

Launch date:  07.06.2011
Launch time:  20:12:44.924 UTC
Launch site:  Baikonur
Launch pad:  1
Altitude:  366 - 419 km
Inclination:  51.64°
Docking ISS:  09.06.2011, 21:17:49 UTC
Undocking ISS:  21.11.2011, 23:00:17 UTC
Landing date:  22.11.2011
Landing time:  02:24:50 UTC
Landing site:  51°02'55.08" N, 67°11'03.54" E
Crew Soyuz TMA-02M

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walkout photo

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Crew

No.   Surname Given names Position Flight No. Duration Orbits
1  Volkov  Sergei Aleksandrovich  Commander 2 167d 06h 12m 05s  2614 
2  Furukawa  Satoshi  Flight Engineer 1 167d 06h 12m 05s  2614 
3  Fossum  Michael Edward  Flight Engineer 3 167d 06h 12m 05s  2614 

Crew seating arrangement

Launch
1  Volkov
2  Furukawa
3  Fossum
Soyuz TMA spacecraft
Landing
1  Volkov
2  Furukawa
3  Fossum

Backup Crew

No.   Surname Given names Position
1  Kononenko  Oleg Dmitriyevich  Commander
2  Kuipers  André  Flight Engineer
3  Pettit  Donald Roy  Flight Engineer
Crew Soyuz TMA-02M backup

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Hardware

Launch vehicle:  Soyuz-FG (No. 36M134S I15000-037)
Spacecraft:  Soyuz TMA-02M (TMA-M No. 702)

Flight

Launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome and landing 90 km north or Arkalyk. ISS Expedition 28 / 29.

Following a two-day solo flight Soyuz TMA-02M docked to ISS on June 09, 2011. Sergei Volkov, Satoshi Furukawa and Michael Fossum became the ISS Expedition 28 (together with ISS Expedition 27 crew members Aleksandr Samokutyayev, Andrei Borisenko and Ronald Garan).

The Soyuz spacecraft is composed of three elements attached end-to-end - the Orbital Module, the Descent Module and the Instrumentation/Propulsion Module. The crew occupied the central element, the Descent Module. The other two modules are jettisoned prior to re-entry. They burn up in the atmosphere, so only the Descent Module returned to Earth.
The deorbit burn lasted 266 seconds. Having shed two-thirds of its mass, the Soyuz reached Entry Interface - a point 400,000 feet (121.9 kilometers) above the Earth, where friction due to the thickening atmosphere began to heat its outer surfaces. With only 23 minutes left before it lands on the grassy plains of central Asia, attention in the module turned to slowing its rate of descent.
Eight minutes later, the spacecraft was streaking through the sky at a rate of 755 feet (230 meters) per second. Before it touched down, its speed slowed to only 5 feet (1.5 meter) per second, and it lands at an even lower speed than that. Several onboard features ensure that the vehicle and crew land safely and in relative comfort.
Four parachutes, deployed 15 minutes before landing, dramatically slowed the vehicle's rate of descent. Two pilot parachutes were the first to be released, and a drogue chute attached to the second one followed immediately after. The drogue, measuring 24 square meters (258 square feet) in area, slowed the rate of descent from 755 feet (230 meters) per second to 262 feet (80 meters) per second.
The main parachute was the last to emerge. It is the largest chute, with a surface area of 10,764 square feet (1,000 square meters). Its harnesses shifted the vehicle's attitude to a 30-degree angle relative to the ground, dissipating heat, and then shifted it again to a straight vertical descent prior to landing.
The main chute slowed the Soyuz to a descent rate of only 24 feet (7.3 meters) per second, which is still too fast for a comfortable landing. One second before touchdown, two sets of three small engines on the bottom of the vehicle fired, slowing the vehicle to soften the landing.

Graphics / Photos

Soyuz TMA spacecraft Soyuz TMA landing module
crew in training Soyuz TMA-02M rollout
Soyuz TMA-02M on launch pad Soyuz TMA-02M launch
Soyuz TMA-02M landing Soyuz TMA-02M recovery

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Last update on March 29, 2020.

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