Launch from Cape Canaveral (
KSC);
landing 1320 km southwest of San Diego in the Pacific Oecean.
This
mission carried out the first crew of the Skylab space station. The flight
became a "rescue mission" for the overheated space station, which had been
damaged at its launch. Launched on May 25, 1973, the first Skylab crew's most
urgent job was to repair the space station. Skylab's meteorite-and-sun shield
and one of its solar arrays had torn loose during launch, and the remaining
primary solar array was jammed. Without its shield, Skylab baked in the
sunshine. The crew had to work fast, because high temperatures inside the
workshop would release toxic materials and ruin on-board film and
food
As Charles
Conrad flew their Apollo Command/Service Module (
CSM)
near the station, Paul
Weitz
unsuccessfully attempted to deploy the surviving solar array from the
CSM's hatch while Joseph
Kerwin held onto his legs. The astronauts found that their
tools were inadequate, and had to use a backup method to dock the
CSM
to Skylab after several other methods failed. From inside, they deployed a
collapsible parasol with telescoping rods as a replacement sunshade. The fix
worked, and temperatures inside dropped low enough for the crew's comfort.
EVAs: Paul
Weitz
on May 25, 1973 (0h 35m) (first attempt to release to the solar panel -
failed), Charles
Conrad and Joseph
Kerwin on June 07, 1973 (3h 23m) (successful release of the
solar panel), Charles
Conrad and Paul
Weitz
on June 19, 1973 (1h 36m) (replacement of film cartridges for solar camera).
Substantial repairs, including deployment of a parasol sunshade, which brought
the temperatures down to tolerable levels. Solar astronomy and Earth resources
experiments and medical studies were performed. The sunshade had been built
within 7 days.
For nearly a month they made further repairs to the
workshop, conducted medical experiments, gathered solar and Earth science data,
and performed a total of 392 hours of experiments. The mission tracked two
minutes of a large solar flare with the Apollo Telescope Mount; they took and
returned some 29,000 frames of film of the sun. The Skylab 2 astronauts spent
28 days in space, which doubled the previous U.S. record.
The recovery
ship was the
USS Ticonderoga.