Bachelor of Science vom Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 1973; Doktortitel in Astrophysics von der Harvard University, 1978; M.D. von der University of Miami, 1982; zur Zeit der Auswahl beschäftigt beim Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, California; Semifinalist bei der Astronautenauswahl der NASA-Gruppe 10; 1978-1980 Chaim Weisman Research Fellow in Theoretical Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology; 1984-- Mitglied, NASA Life Sciences Strategic Planning Committee, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC; 1985-Consultant, President Reagan's National Commission on Space; 1985-Teammitglied, längste zivile Luft-See Rettungsmission in der Geschichte der US Airforce, Moffitt NAS, Mountain View, California; 1988-1992-Resident in Cardiothoracic Surgery and Cardiac Transplantation, Stanford University Medical Center; 1990 Mitglied, NASA Radiation Biology Review Team, Washington, DC; 2009-heute Member, Research Committee, Congenital Heart Surgeons Society; 2004-heute Professor of Surgery, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Chief, Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children.