Bachelor of science in electrical engineering from the University of Alberta, 1980; master of science from the University of Alberta, 1984; master of science and Ph.D. in cardiovascular physiology from the University of Calgary, 1991; since September 1996 he worked in the laboratory of development and testing of medical technology in Houston (in company KRUG Life Sciences - contractor NASA); in 1992 he was one of the Canadian candidates for the Space Team Canada; in 2011 he moved back to Canada to practice and teach Medicine and Engineering at the University of Calgary.